The Directory gives an overview of women philosophers and scientists from approx. 2300 BCE to the 21st century. Currently, there are more than 240 names of women philosophers listed and the entries will be periodically updated with biographical information and sources for further research. The entry on each philosopher shows detailed biographical information as well as an extensive list of primary and secondary sources, including texts, online sources and video material. Important quotes as well as links to key concepts by the philosophers in the ECC are also available. The Directory is still in development and entries are being updated continuously.

• Addams, Jane (1860-1935)
• Adivar, Halile Edip (1884-1964)
• Aebi, Magdalena (1898-1980)
• Aedesia (ca. 400)
• Aelia Eudocia (ca. 401-460)
• Aesara of Lucania (ca. 300 BCE)
• Aganice of Thessaly (ca. 100 BCE)
• Agassiz, Elizabeth Cabot (1822-1907)
• Agnesi, Maria Gaetana (1718-1799)
• Alanen, Lilli (1941-2021)
• Albrecht, Johanne Sophie Dorothea (1757-1840)
• Allart de Meritens, Hortense (1801-1879)
• Ambrose, Alice (1906 – 2001)
• Ammaiyar, Karaikkal (ca. 6th century)
• Amrapali (ca. 500 BCE)
• Andreas-Salome, Lou (1861-1937)
• Andreini, Isabella (1563-1604)
• Anscombe, Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret (1919-2001)
• Arendt, Hannah (1906-1975)
• Arete of Cyrene (ca. 400 BCE)
• Arnim, Bettina von (1785-1859)
• Arnauld, Jacqueline-Marie-Angelique (1591-1661)
• Arnauld, Jeanne-Catherine-Agnes (1593-1672)
• Asbaje y Ramirez de Santillana, Juana Ines de (1648-1695)
• Aspasia of Miletus (470 BCE–400 BCE)
• Astell, Mary (1666-1731)
• Axiothea of Phlius (ca. 350 BCE)
• Bachelard, Suzanne (1919-2007)
• Bai, Mira (1498-1546)
• Baldinger, Dorothea Friedrika (1739-1786)
• Baldwin, Ruth Standish (1865-1934)
• Bandemer, Susanne von (1751-1828)
• Barzani, Asnat (1590-1670)
• Bassi, Laura Maria Caterina (1711-1778)
• Beatrice of Nazareth (ca. 1200-1268)
• Beecher, Catharine Esther (1800-1878)
• Bespaloff, Rachel (1895-1949)
• Bibb, Grace (1842-1912)
• Blackwell, Antoinette (1825-1921)
• Blanche of Castille (1188-1252)
• Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna (1831-1891)
• Bliss Talbot,Ellen (22.11.1867- 1968)
• Blochmann, Elisabeth (1892-1972)
• Blow, Susan (1843-1916)
• Boeuf, Marie (1868-1906)
• Bouvier de la Motte Guyon, Jeanne-Marie (1648 – 1717).
• Brackett, Anna Callender (1836-1911)
• Bradstreet, Anne (1612-1672)
• Buehler, Charlotte (1893-1974)
• Buschmann, Hildegard (1889-unknown)
• Cáceres Flores, Berta Isabel (1971-2016)
• Calinich, Margarete (1868-unknown)
• Calkins, Mary Whiton (1863-1930)
• Catherine of Alexandria (ca. 287-ca. 305)
• Catherine of Siena (1347-1380)
• Catherine the Great (1729-1796)
• Carroll, Vinnette (1922-2002)
• Cavendish, Margaret (1623-1673)
• Cereta, Laura (1469-1499)
• Cheney, Ednah Dow (1824-1904)
• Child, Lydia Maria (1802 – 1880)
• Christina of Sweden (1626-1689)
• Cleobulina (ca. 600 BCE)
• Clodius, Juliane Friederike Henriette (1750-1805)
• Cobbe, Francis Power (1822 – 1904)
• Cochois, Babette (1725-1780)
• Cockburn, Catharine (1679-1749)
• Coleman, Elizabeth (1761-1832)
• Collins Swabey, Marie (08.12.1880-03.03.1966)
• Conrad-Martius, Hedwig (1888-1966)
• Conway, Anne (1631-1679)
• Cornaro Piscopia, Elena (1646-1684)
• Costelloe-Stephen, Karin (1889-12.12.1953)
• Dacier, Anne (1647-1720)
• Dalziel Almeida, June (1930-2007)
• Daly, Mary (1928-2010)
• Dąmbska, Izydora (1904-1983)
• Damo (ca. 500 BCE)
• Daoyun, Xie (ca. 340-ca. 399)
• D’Aubigne, Francoise (1635-1719)
• De Beauvoir, Simone (1908-1986)
• De Charriere, Isabelle (1740-1805)
• De Estrada, Maria (ca. 1482-1547)
• De Fleury, Maria (1752-1792)
• De Fonseca Pimentel, Eleonora (1752-1799)
• De Genlis, Caroline Stéphanie „Félicité“ (1746-1830)
• De Gouges, Olympe (1748-1793)
• De Gournay, Marie (1565-1645)
• De Graffigny, Françoise (11.02.1695-12.12.1758)
• De Grouchy, Marie-Louise-Sophie (1764-1822)
• D’Hericourt, Jenny Poinsard (1801-1875)
• De Jesus, Gregoria (1875 – 1943)
• De Kleinhans, Laureana Wright (1846–1896)
• De Laguna, Grace (28.09.1878-  1978)
• de Milão, Sorror Feliciana  (08.10.1632-08.10.1705)
• De Saint-Jean Arnauld d’Andilly, Angélique (1624 – 1684)
• De Stael-Holstein, Anne Louise Germaine (1766-1817)
• De Villeneuve, Joanna Rousseau (18th century)
• Demar, Claire (1799-1833)
• Deshoulieres, Antoinette Du Ligier de la Garde (1638-1694)
• Deutschbein, Marie Anna (1881-1971)
• Dhouda (ca. 802-ca. 843)
• Diotima of Mantinea (ca. 440 BCE)
• Dohm, Hedwig (20.09.1831-o1.06.1919)
• Domna, Julia (160-217)
• Druskowitz, Helene von (1856-1918)
• Du Chatelet, Emilie (1706-1749)
• Duddington, Natalie (1886-1972)
• Ebenspanger, Elly (1904 – 1942)
• Ehrenfest-Afanassjewa, Tatjana (1876-1964)
• Ehrmann, Marianne (1755-1795)
• Elisabeth of Bohemia (1618-1680)
• Elstob, Elizabeth (1683-1756)
• Enheduanna (ca. 2285 BCE-ca. 2250 BCE)
• Engelhard, Magdalene Philippine (1756-1831)
• Erxleben, Dorothea Christiane (1715-1762)
• Evans, Mary Anne (1819-1880)
• Favre, Julie Velten (1833-1896)
• Fedele, Cassandra (ca. 1465-ca. 1558)
• Firestone, Shulamith (1945 – 2012)
• Floresta, Nísia (12.10.1810-24.04.1885)
• Foot, Philippa (03.10.1920-03.10.2010)
• Forkel-Liebeskind, Sophie Margarethe Dorothea (1765-1853)
• Frenkel-Brunswik, Else (1908-1958)
• Friederike Charlotte of Brandenburg-Schwedt (1745-1808)
• Friederike Sophie Wilhelmine of Prussia (1709-1758)
• Gallitzin, Amalie von (1748-1806)
• Gambara, Veronica (1485-1550)
• Geiger, Afra (1896-1945)
• Germain, Marie-Sophie (1776-1831)
• Gertrude the Great (1256-ca. 1302)
• Gertruda of Poland (1025-1108)
• Gilman, Charlotte Perkins (1860-1935)
• Glicksman Grene, Marjorie (16.12.1910-16.03.2009)
• Goerke, Lilly (1904-1992)
• Gökdoğan, Nüzhet (1910-2003)
• Goldman, Emma (1869-1940)
• Gontard, Susette (1768-1802)
• Gonzalez, Lélia (01.02.1935 – 10.07.1994)
• Gopal Joshi, Anandi (1865-1887)
• Gothe, Erika (1887-1966)
• Gottsched, Luise (1713-1762)
• Grey, Elizabeth (1582-07.12.1651)
• Grover, Dorothy (1936 – 2017)
• Guillard, Charlotte (1480-1557)
• Günderrode, Karoline von (11.02.1780 – 26.07.1806)
• Hadewijch of Brabant (ca. 1200-ca. 1260)
• Hafkesbrink, Hanna (1902-1996)
• Hahn-Neurath, Olga (1882-1937)
• Hamburger, Kaete (1896-1992)
• Hamilton, Emma (1765-1815)
• Hays, Mary (1759-1843)
• Hays-Lanfear, Elizabeth (1765-1825)
• Haywood, Eliza Fowler (1693-25.02.1756)
• Heesch, Elli (1904-1993)
• Heidemann, Ingeborg (1915-1987)
• Heimann, Betty (1885-1926)
• Heller, Agnes (b. 1929)
• Heloise (ca. 1090-1164)
• Herbert, Maria Regina Freiin von (1769-1803)
• Hermann, Grete (1901-1984)
• Herrad of Landsberg (ca. 1130-1195)
• Hersch, Jeanne (1910-2000)
• Herzberg, Lilly (1891-1957)
• Hesse, Mary Brenda (1924-2016)
• Hilda of Whitby (ca. 614-ca. 680)
• Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179)
• Hipparchia of Maroneia (350 BCE-280 BCE)
• Holst, Amalia (1758-1847)
• Hosiasson-Lindenbaum, Janina (1899-1942)
• Howard, Alethea (1585-24.05.1684)
• Hrotsvitha of Gandersheim (ca. 935-ca. 973)
• Huber-Forster, Marie Therese (1764-1829)
• Hudoletnjak-Grgić, Maja (1964 – 2010)
• Huss Parkhurst, Hellen (03.01.1887-  14.04.1959)
• Hutchinson, Lucy (1620-1681)
• Hypatia of Alexandria (ca. 370-415)
• Jaegerschmid, Amelie Adelgundis (1895-1996)
• Janabi (1270-1350)
• Jarvis Thomson, Judith (4.10.1929 –20.11.2020)
• Joan of Navarra (ca. 1368-1437)
• Jones, Emily Elizabeth Constance (1848-1922)
• Jones, Katherine (1615-1691)
• Julian of Norwich (ca. 1342-ca. 1416)
• Kahl-Furthmann, Gertrud (1893-1984)
• Kanthack, Katharina (1901-1986)
• Katz, Rosa (1885-1976)
• Kauppi, Raili Marjatta (1920-1995)
• Kelley, Florence (1859-1932)
• Kempe, Margery (1373-1440)
• Khona (unknown)
• Kerou, Zhu (1127-unknown)
• Kies, Marietta (1853-1899)
• Koehler, Eva (1888-unknown)
• Kofman, Sarah (1934 – 1994)
• Kollontai, Alexandra Mikhailovna (1872-1952)
• Komnena, Anna (1083-ca. 1154)
• Krenz, Editha (1915-unknown)
• Kučera, Elza (1883 – 1972)
• Kuznitzky, Gertrud (1889-1976)
• La Roche, Marie Sophie von (1730-1807)
• La Sabliere, Marguerite de (1640-1693)
• Ladd-Franklin, Christine (01.12.1847-05.03.1930)
• Lambridis, Helle (1896 – 1970)
• Landmann-Kalischer, Edith (1877-1951)
• Lange, Luise (1891 – 1978)
• Langer, Susanne Katherina (1895-1985)
• Lastheneia of Mantinea (ca. 385 BCE)
• Lavine, Thelma (12.02.1915-28.01.2011)
• Lispector, Clarice (unknown-1977)
• Lopamudra (ca. 1200 BCE)
• Lovelace, Ada (1815-1852)
• Luxemburg, Rosa (1871-1919)
• Lyman Cabot, Ella  (26.02.1866-1934)
• Lysimache (458-370 BCE)
• Macaulay, Catharine (1731-1791)
• MacDonald, Margaret (09.04.1907-07.01.1956)
• Macrina the Elder (ca. 270-ca. 340)
• Macrina the Younger (ca. 327-379)
• Maerten, Lu (1879-1970)
• Magbanua, Teresa (1868 -1947)
• Mahadevi, Akka (1130-1160)
• Maitreyi (ca. 800 BCE)
• Makin, Bathsua Reginald (1600-1675)
• Marcella (ca. 270)
• Marcus, Ruth Barcan (1921-2012)
• Marinella, Lucrezia (1571-1653)
• Martineau, Harriet (1802-1876)
• Marx, Eleanor (1855-1898)
• Mary the Jewess (ca. 200)
• Masham, Damaris (1659-1708)
• Matzun, Uta (1907-unknown)
• Mather Crocker, Hannah (1752-1829)
• Mayreder, Rosa (1858-1938)
• McCord Adams, Marilyn  (12.10.1943 – 22.03.2017)
• Mead, Lucia Ames (1856-1936)
• Mechthild of Magdeburg (ca. 1207-ca. 1294)
• Melissa (ca. 300 BCE)
• Mereau, Sophie Friederike (1770-1806)
• Meysenbug, Malwida von (1816-1903)
• Michel, Louise (1830-1905)
• Micic, Zagorka (1903-1982)
• Midgley, Mary; born Scrutton (03.09.1919-10.10.2018)
• Mill, Harriet Taylor (1807-1858)
• Mises, Hilda von (1893-1973)
• Mitchell, Ellen (1838-1920)
• Moers, Martha Franziska Constanze (1877-1965)
• Morata, Olympia Fulvia (1526-1555)
• Murdoch, Iris (1919-1999)
• Murray, Judith Sargent (1751-1820)
• Naden, Constance Caroline Woodhill (1858-1889)
• Neal Dolson, Grace (1874–1961)
• Nicarete of Megara (ca. 300 BCE)
• Noether, Emmy (1882-1935)
• Nogarola, Isotta (1418-1466)
• Nordenflycht, Hedvig Charlotta  (28.11.1718-29.06.1763)
• Oakeley, Hilda Diana (1867-1950)
• Offenberg, Maria (1888-1972)
• Oluwole, Sophie (12.05.1935- 23.12.2018)
• Ortmann, Margarete (1882-1973)
• Paget, Violet (1856-1935)
• Pankhurst, Emmeline (1858-1928)
• Pantoja, Antonia (1922-2002)
• Papst, Wilma (1907-1973)
• Pascal, Jaqueline (1625-1661)
• Perictione I (ca. 350 BCE)
• Perictione II (ca. 450 BCE)
• Péter, Rózsa (1905-1977)
• Phintys (ca. 400 BCE)
• Phlipon Roland, Marie-Jeanne (1754-1793)
• Picard, Yvonne (1920-1943)
• Pickering, Elizabeth (1510-1562)
• Piscopia, Helena Lucretia Cornaro (1646-1684)
• Pizan, Christine de (1364-1430)
• Pluemacher, Olga (1839-1895)
• Porete, Marguerite (ca. 1250-1310)
• Pozzo di Forzi, Modesta di (1555-1592)
• Ptolemais of Cyrene (ca. 300 BCE)
• Rābi‘a al-‘Adawiyya (714/717/718 — 801)
• Rabutin-Chantal, Marie de (1626-1696)
• Rafanelli, Leda (1880-1971)
• Rand, Ayn (1905-1982)
• Rand, Rose (1903-1980)
• Reimarus, Margaretha Elisabeth (1735-1805)
• Rodde-Schloezer, Dorothea von (1770-1825)
• Rosenbleuth, Amalie (1892-1975)
• Rosenthal-Schneider, Ilse (1891-1990)
• Russell, Rachel (1637-1723)
• Sablé, Madeleine de Souvré, Marquise de (1598-1678)
• Sabuco de Nantes Barrera, Oliva (1562-1622)
• Sachs, Eva Henrietta (1882-1936)
• Sáenz de Thorne, Manuela (1797-1856)
• Saint Clare of Assisi (1193-1253)
• Salis, Barbara Margaretha von (1855-1929)
• Salomon, Adelgunde Konkordie (1726-1789)
• Sappho of Lesvos (l. c. 620-570 BCE)
• Schlegel, Dorothea Friederike (1764-1839)
• Schlegel-Schelling, Caroline (1763-1809)
• Schmitz, Thekla (1890-1960)
• Schopenhauer, Johanna Henrietta (1766-1838)
• Schurman, Anna Maria van (1607-1678)
• Scott, Mary (1751-1793)
• Scribner Stearns, Isabel (1910-1987)
• Scudéry, Madeleine de (1607-1701)
• Sehl, Erica (1902-unknown)
• Silliman Harris, Marjorie (06.06.1890- 27.03.1976)
• Shepherd, Mary (31.12.1777-07.01.1847)
• Shikibu, Murasaki (ca. 973-ca. 1014)
• Shklar, Judith Nisse (1928-1992)
• Smith, Charlotte (1749-1806)
• Smith, Valerie Anne (1952-2019)
• Somerville, Mary (1780-1872)
• Sophia of Hanover (1630-1714)
• Sophie Charlotte of Hanover (1668-1705)
• Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (1648-1695)
• Sosipatra of Ephesus (ca. 330-362)
• Souvre, Madeleine de (1599-1678)
• Stebbing, Lizzie Susan (1885-1943)
• Stein, Edith (1891-1942)
• Steele, Mary (1753-1813)
• Stephen, Karin (1889-1953)
• Stowe, Harriet Elisabeth Beecher (1811-1896)
• Strozzi, Lorenza (1515-1591)
• Suchon, Gabrielle (1632-1703)
• Susman, Margarete (1872-1966)
• Swetchine, Anna Sophie (1782-1857)
• Tarabotti, Elena Cassandra (1604-1652)
• Taubert, Agnes (1844-1877)
• Taussky-Todd, Olga (1906-1995)
• Telesilla (ca.520-450 BCE)
• Teresa of Avila (1515-1582)
• Theano of Crotone (ca. 550 BCE)
• Themistoclea (ca. 600 BCE)
• Theodora (ca. 500-548)
• Timycha of Sparta (ca. 400 BCE)
• Tsogyal, Yeshe (757-817)
• Tullia d’Aragona (ca. 1510-1556)
• Unzer, Johanna Charlotte (1724-1782)
• Vachaknavi, Gargi (ca. 700 BCE)
• Varnhagen, Rahel (1771-1833)
• Voigtländer, Else (1882-1946)
• Walther, Gerda (1897-1977)
• Warren, Mercy Otis (1728-1814)
• Weil, Simone (1909-1943)
• Welby, Victoria (1837-1912)
• Weyl, Helene (1893-1948)
• Wheeler, Anna (1780-1848)
• Wiedemann, Anne Margaretha
• Williams, Helen Maria (1759-1827)
• Wodehouse, Helen (12.10.1880- 20.10.1964)
• Wollstonecraft, Mary (1759-1797)
• Wright, Frances (1795-1852)
• Wrinch, Dorothy (12.09.1894 –11.02.1976)
• Yaraslovna, Anna/Anna de Kiev (1020-unknown)
• Yuasa, Toshiko (1909-1980)
• Yunjidang, Im (1721 – 1793)
• Zetkin, Clara (1857-1933)
• Zhao, Ban (45-ca. 116)
• Ziegler, Christiana Mariana von (1695-1760)
• Zitkala-Sa (1876-1938)
• Zambrano, Maria (1904-1991)

Sources

• Waithe, Mary Ellen. A History of Women Philosophers
• Society for the Study of Women Philosophers
• Wikipedia List of Women Philosophers
• Deutsche Biographie
• The New Historia

Directory of Women Philosophers Selection