The lecture will consist of two parts: in the first part we will give the outline of life and philosophy of Helene von Druskowitz (1856 – 1918). In I878 she was promoted with a thesis Don Juan in Lord Byron which made her the second German-speaking women to receive a PhD title. Throughout her life she developed ever more radical form of feminism which culminated with her book Der Mann als logische und sittliche Unmöglichkeit und als Fluch der Welt. Pessimistische Kardinalsätze, published in 1905. We will also concentrate on her sharp criticism of religion which shows similarities with another fighter for emancipation of women in the Austro-Hunagarian Monarchy, the Slovenian-born writer and journalist – Zofka Kveder (1878 – 1926). In the second we will show the position of women in the Austro-Hunagarian Monarchy exemplified by the comparison between Zofka Kveder and Helene von Druskowitz.