Mary Whiton Calkins
*March 30, 1863 (Hartford, Connecticut, United States)
†February 26/27, 1930 (Newton, Massachusetts, United States)
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Primary Sources
Calkins, Mary Whiton. Sharing the Profits. Boston: Ginn, 1888.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Experimental Psychology at Wellesley College.” American Journal of Psychology 5 (1892): 260-271.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “A Suggested Classification of Cases of Association.” Philosophical Review 1 (1892): 389-402.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Statistics of Dreams.” American Journal of Psychology 5 (1893): 311-343.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “A Statistical Study of Pseudo-Chromesthesia and Mental Forms.” American Journal of Psychology 5 (1893): 439-464.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “A Study of the Mathematical Consciousness.” Educational Review 8 (1894): 269-283.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Notes on Fichte’s Grundlage der Wissenschaftslehre.” Philosophical Review 3 (1894): 459-462.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Association (I).” Psychological Review 1 (1894): 476-483.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Wellesley College Psychological Studies.” Pedagogical Seminary 3 (1895): 319-341; also Psychological Review 2 (1895): 363-368.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Synaesthesia.” American Journal of Psychology 7 (1895): 86-107.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. Association: An Essay Analytic and Experimental. New York & London: Macmillan, 1896. Psychological Review Monograph Supplement 2 (February 1896).
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Religious Consciousness of Children.” New World 5 (1896): 705-718.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Community ofIdeas of Men and Women.” Psychological Review 3 (1896): 426-430.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Association (II).” Psychological Review 3 (1896): 32-49.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Kant’s Conception of the Leibniz Space and Time Doctrine.” Philosophical Review 6 (1897): 356-369.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Short Studies in Memory and in Association from the Wellesley College Laboratory.” Psychological Review 5 (1898): 451-463.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Time as Related to Causality and to Space.” Mind 8 (1899): 216-232.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Attributes of Sensation.” Psychological Review 6 (1899): 506-514.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Elements of Conscious Complexes.” Psychological Review 7 (1900): 377-389.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Psychology as Science of Selves.” Philosophical Review 9 (1900): 490-501.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “An Attempted Experiment in Psychological Aesthetics.” Psychological Review 7 (1900): 580-591.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. An Introduction to Psychology. New York: Macmillan, 1901, 1902, 1905, 1908, 1916.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Theorien tiber die Empfindung farbiger und farbloser Lichter.” Archiv fiir Anatomie und Physiologie, Physiologische Abtheilung Supplement (1902): 244-261.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Uber die Bedeutung von Wortvorstellungen fUr die Unterscheidung von Qualitiiten Sukzessiver Reize. Teil 2” (with Miss Gamble). Sonder-Abdruck aus Zeitschrift fiir Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane, Bd. 33 (1903): 161-170.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Die Reproduzierte Vorstellung Beim Wiedererkennen und beim Vergleichen.” Sonder-Abdruck aus Zeitschrift for Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnes-organe, Bd. 33 (1903): 177-199.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Order of the Hegelian Categories in the Hegelian Argument.” Mind 12 (1903): 317-340.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. Review of Hegelian Cosmology By J. M. E. McTaggart. Philosophical Review 12 (1903): 187-193.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “On the Attributes of Sensation.” Psychological Review 11 (1904): 221-222.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Voluntaristic Psychology. Review of Nikolaj Losskij’s Die Grundlehren der Psychologie vom Standpunkte des Voluntarismus.” Psychological Bulletin 1 (1904): 185-187.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. Der Doppelte Standpunkt in der Psychologie. Leipzig: Veit, 1905.
Calkins, Mary Whiton (editor). The Metaphysical System of Hobbes. Chicago: Open Court, 1905, 1910.
Calkins, Mary Whiton (editor). John Locke’s Essay Concerning Human Understanding, Books II and IV. Chicago: Open Court, 1905, 1906, 1912.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Limits of Genetic and of Comparative Psychology.” British Journal of Psychology 1 (1905): 261-285.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “A Reconciliation between Structural and Functional Psychology.” Psychological Review 13 (1906): 61-81.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. The Persistent Problems of Philosophy; An Introduction to Metaphysics Through the Study of Modem Systems. New York: Macmillan, 1907, 1910, 1912, 1917, 1923, 1925.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Psychology: What Is It About?” Journal of Philosophy 4 (1907): 673- 683.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Psychology as Science of Self.” Journal of Philosophy 5 (1908): 12-20, 64-68, 113-122.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Relation of Feeling to Emotion.” Psychological Bulletin 5 (1908): 340-344.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Ego and Empirical Psychology.” Psychological Bulletin 5 (1908): 27 30.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Self and Soul.” Philosophical Review 17 (1908): 272-280.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Ultimate Hypotheses in Psychology.” Journal of Philosophy 5 (1908): 634-635.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Abandonment of Sensationalism in Psychology.” Journal of Psychology 20 (1908): 269-277.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. A First Book of Psychology. New York: Macmillan, 1909, 1912, 1914, 1917, 1924, 1927.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Teaching of Elementary Psychology in Colleges Supposed to Have No Laboratory.” Psychological Monographs 12, 51 (1910): 41-53.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Professor Titchener on the Thought Processes.” Psychological Bulletin 7 (1910): 293-297.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. Introduction. Sophie Jewett, Poems (Memorial Edition). New York: Crowell, 1910.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “General Standpoints: Mind and Body.” Journal of Philosophy 8 (1911): 14-19.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. Review of “Phanomenologie des Ich” by K. Oesterreich. Philosophical Review 20 (1911): 636-641.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. ”The Idealist to the Realist.” Journal of Philosophy 8 (1911): 449-450.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Defective Logic in the Discussion of Religious Experience.” Journal of Philosophy 8 (1911): 606-608.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Nature of Prayer.” Harvard Theological Review 4 (1911): 489-500.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Mr. Muscio’s Criticism of Miss Calkins’ Reply to the Realist.” Journal of Philosophy 9 (1912): 603-606.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. ”The Self in Recent Psychology.” Psychological Bulletin 9 (1912): 25-30; 13 (1916): 20-27; 16 (1919): 111-118; 24 (1927): 205-215.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Henri Bergson: Personalist.” Philosophical Review 21 (1912): 666-675.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. Review of “Pragmatism and Its Critics” by A. W. Moore. International Journal of Ethics 22 (1912): 222-226.
Calkins, Mary Whiton (translator). Man a Machine by Julien Offrey de La Mettrie. La Salle, Illinois: Open Court Publishing Co., 1961. Original publication: ca. 1912.*
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Unjustified Claims for Neo-Realism.” Philosophical Review 22 (1913): 53-56.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Idealist to Realist, Once More.” Journal of Philosophy 11 (1914): 297- 298.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Arthur Schopenhauer and His Philosophy.” In German Classics of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. Albany, New York: J.B. Lyon Co., 1914.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Bertrand Russell on Neo-Realism.” Philosophical Review 24 (1915): 533-537.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Foundations in Royce’s Philosophy for Christian Theism.” Philosophical Review 25 (1916): 282-293. Also in Papers in Honor of Josiah Royce on His Sixtieth Birthday. Edited by James E. Creighton. New York: Longmans, Green, 1916.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. The Good Man and the Good; An Introduction to Ethics. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1918, 1921, 1925. Original publication: 1916.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “A Clue to Holt’s Treatment of the Freudian Wish.” Journal of Philosophy 14 (1917): 441-442.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Purposing Self versus Potent Soul: A Discussion of Professor Warren’s Study of Purpose.” Journal of Philosophy 14 (1917): 197-200.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Militant Pacifism.” International Journal of Ethics 28 (1917): 70-79.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. ”The Case of Self against Soul.” Psychological Review 24 (1917): 278-300.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. Review of The Self and Nature by De Witt H. Parker. Psychological Bulletin 15 (1918): 123-124.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. Review of A Defence of Idealism by May Sinclair. Harvard Theological Review 12 (1919): 123-128.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Spaulding’s Relations and Subsistent Entities.” Journal of Philosophy 16 (1919): 635-640.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The New Rationalism and Objective Idealism.” Philosophical Review 28 (1919): 598-605.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Personalistic Conception of Nature.” Philosophical Review 28 (1919): 115-146.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Metaphysical Monist as a Sociological Pluralist.” Journal of Philosophy 17 (1920): 681-685.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Equivocal Position of the Presentation in the Psychology of James Ward.” Psychological Bulletin 17 (1920): 429-432.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Fact and Inference in Raymond Wheeler’s Doctrine of Will and SelfActivity.” Psychological Review 28 (1921): 356-373.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. Review of Spiritual Pluralism and Recent Philosophy by C. A. Richardson. Philosophical Review 30 (1921): 507-519.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Truly Psychological Behaviorism.” Psychological Review 28 (1921): 1-18.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Professor Keyser on Russell’s Analysis of Mind.” Science 55 (1922): 44-45.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Ancient Landmarks: A Comment on Spiritualistic Materialism.” Journal of Philosophy 19 (1922): 493-497.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Philosophers in Council.” School and Society 17 (1923): 316-320.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. Review of The General Problems of Psychology by Robert McDougall. Philosophical Review 32 (1923): 536-543.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “McDougall’s Treatment of Experience.” British Journal of Psychology 13 (1923): 337-343.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Foundations of Psychology.” Journal of Philosophy 20 (1923): 5- 15.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Dual Role of the Mind in the Philosophy of S. Alexander.” Mind 32 (1923): 197-210.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Divergent Results of Analysis.” Psychological Review 30 (1923): 148-150.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “A Personal Idealist’s Concern for Psychology.” The Personalist 5 (1924): 7-11.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Kant’s Doctrine of Knowledge.” In Immanuel Kant, 1724-1924. Edited by Emil Wilm. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1925.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Converging Lines in Contemporary Psychology.” British Journal of Psychology 16 (1926): 171-179.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Critical Comments on the Gestalt-theory.” Psychological Review 33 (1926): 135-158.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “On Certain Difficulties in the Modem Doctrine of Essence.” Journal of Philosophy 23 (1926): 701-710.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Ambiguous Concept: Meaning.” American Journal of Psychology 39 (1927): 7-22.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Self-awareness and Meaning.” American Journal of Psychology 38 (1927): 441-448.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Biological or Psychological? A Comment on Perry’s Doctrine of Interest and Value.” Journal of Philosophy 24 (1927): 577-581.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Basis of Objective Judgements in Subjective Ethics.” Proceedings of the Sixth Congress of Philosophy (1927): 408-414.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Value – Primarily a Psychological Conception.” Journal of Philosophical Studies 3 (1928): 413-426.
Calkins, Mary Whiton (editor). George Berkeley’s Essays, Principles, Dialogues, with Selections from Other Writings. New York: Scribner’s, 1929.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “Analysis: Chemical or Psychological.” Psychological Review 36 (1929): 348-352.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Philosophical Credo of an Absolutistic Personalist.” In Contemporary American Philosophy. Edited by George P. Adams and William Pepperell Montague. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1930.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. “The Self-Psychology of the Psychoanalysts.” Psychological Review 37 (1930): 270-300.
Calkins, Mary Whiton. Autobiographical article in The History of Psychology in Autobiography. Edited by Carl Murchison. Worcester, Massachusetts: Clark University Press, 1930; New York: Russell & Russell, 1961.
Calkins, Mary Whiton and W. E. Hocking. “Josiah Royce.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 14th Edition, 1929.
Calkins, Mary Whiton, and T. 1. McCormack (editors). David Hume, an Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding and Selections from a Treatise on Human Nature. Chicago: Open Court, 1907, 1909, 1921.
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Secondary Sources
Edgar Sheffield Brightman, “Mary Whiton Calkins: Her Place in Philosophy,” in In Memoriam: Mary Whiton Calkins, 1863-1930 (Boston: Merrymount Press, 1931), p. 44.
Raymond Calkins, “Mary Whiton Calkins,” in In Memoriam: Mary Whiton Calkins, pp. 1-3; Laurel Furumoto, “Mary Whiton Calkins (1863-1930),” in Psychology of Women Quarterly, vol. 5 (Fall 1980), pp. 55-56-
Virginia Onderdonk, “Calkins, Mary Whiton,” in Notable American Women, 1607-1950: A Biographical Dictionary (Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1971), vol. I, p. 278.
A. K. Rogers,
English and American Philosophy Since 1800 (New York: Macmillan,
1923), p. 298. - Online Sources
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